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Fish Oil and Production of PGE2
Prostaglandin E2 production and T cell function after fish-oil supplementation: response to antioxidant co-supplementation is the name of the following study. The principal researchers on the study were Timothy M Trebble, Stephen A Wootton, Elizabeth A Miles, Mark Mullee, Nigel K Arden, Anne B Ballinger, Mike A Stroud, Graham C Burdge and Philip C Calder. They were from the following universities: Institute of Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, United Kingdom; the Medical Research Council Environmental Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, United Kingdom and the Department of Adult and Paediatric Gastroenterology, St Bartholomews and the Royal London Hospital, Queen Mary’s School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of London (ABB).
The background of the study is that prostaglandin inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and the production of interferon by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but the effect of PGE2 on interleukin production is unclear. Fish oil, which contains eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, inhibits production of PGE2.
The effects of fish oil on lymphocyte proliferation and production of IFN and IL-4 are unclear and may be influenced by the availability of antioxidants. The objectives of the researchers were that they investigated the effect of dietary fish oil with and without antioxidant co-supplementation on lymphocyte proliferation and the production of PGE2, IFN, and IL-4 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
They tested by using sixteen healthy men that received dietary fish-oil supplements providing 0.3, 1, and 2 g eicosapentaenoic acid plus docosahexaenoic acid/d for 4 consecutive weeks each (total of 12 wk). All subjects were randomly assigned to daily co-supplementation with either antioxidants (200 µg Se, 3 mg Mn, 30 mg RRR--tocopheryl succinate, 90 mg ascorbic acid, 450 µg vitamin A) or placebo.
The results were that fish-oil supplementation decreased PGE2 production and increased IFN production and lymphocyte proliferation from baseline values. Co-supplementation with antioxidants did not affect cytokine production or lymphocyte proliferation. The researchers final conclusion was dietary fish oil modulates production of IFN and lymphocyte proliferation in a manner consistent with decreased production of PGE2, but this effect is not modified by antioxidant co-supplementation. This research was published in The American Journal for Clinical Nutrition on June 1, 2006.Omega 3 fish oils Pure EPA is available exclusively from mind 1st.
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