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Chemical Formula Omega 3

The chemical formula of omega 3 fatty acids contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms arranged in a chain.  The chain has at least one double bond between carbon atoms, the first double bond is between the 3rd and 4th carbon atoms from the omega end of the molecule.

Molecules made from carbon chains have an alpha (beginning) end and an omega (ending) end.  The carbon molecule on the alpha end bonds to hydrogen, oxygen and another carbon atom.  Other carbon molecules are bonded to hydrogen and to other carbon atoms.  Double bonds exist between some carbon atoms.

The double bonds in the chemical formula of omega 3 fatty acids affect the shape of the molecule.  Saturated fats—fats without any double bonds—are straight and stiff.  The double bonds cause the carbon chain to twist or curve.  This has an interesting physiological effect.

Cell membranes are primarily composed of fat molecules, which gives them structure and shape.  Because of their straight, rigid shape, saturated fat molecules stack up nicely and bunch together well.  If the cell membrane has large numbers of saturated fat molecules in it, the membrane is rigid and impervious.  It is difficult for substances to get into or out of the cell. 

Omega 3 molecules, on the other hand, have curves and twists to them.  They do not stack up neatly.  Their shape also makes them more flexible.  If the cell membrane is composed primarily of omega 3 molecules, it is flexible and more permeable.  Nutrients can flow into the cell and waste materials can flow out.  Molecules of hormones like insulin can get into the cell, where they help the cell burn nutrients to create energy.

The good news is that the fat molecules in our cell membranes are constantly being exchanged.  Even if a person has eaten a diet high in saturated fats in the past and has problems with lipid metabolism or insulin resistance as a result, he is not doomed to continue to feel those effects. 

By increasing omega 3 fatty acids and decreasing saturated fats in the diet, over time, the cell membranes will contain more omega 3 molecules and will be healthier.

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